In this sheet, you will learn about change in entropy, ΔS, change in enthalpy, ΔH, and change in Gibb’s Free Energy, ΔG. You will learn how to figure out whether a process is spontaneous or not as well as see all of the equations in this chapter. LINKS General Chemistry CourseOnline General Chemistry TutorFind me…
Of the three solutions listed in the table above, which one, if any, has the greatest electrical conductivity and why? (A) 0.1 M HC2H3O2(aq) because its molecules have the most atoms. (B) 0.1M KI(aq) because KI completely dissociates in water to produce ions. (C) 0.1 M CH3OH(aq) because its molecules can form hydrogen bonds. (D) All three solutions…
What is the value of Kb for the formate anion, HCOO–? Ка(HCOOH) = 2.1 × 10-4 Solution:The equation that is needed to solve this problem is Ka*Kb= 1.0 *10-14 (at 25C), where Ka is the equilibrium constant of an acid and Kb is the equilibrium constant of its conjugate base. Let’s plug in the values…
Which intermolecular interaction is predominant between ethylamine (CH3CH2NH2) and CH3OH? A. ion-dipoleB. dipole-dipoleC. hydrogen bondingD. dispersionE. dipole-induced dipole Intermolecular forces are forced of attraction (usually) between molecules. Let’s go over the answer choices to figure out the correct intermolecular forces for CH3CH2NH2 and CH3OH? Ion-dipole = exists between an ionic compound (metal+ nonmetal or metal…
Significant figures (sig figs) are used to indicate the precision of a measured number. Significant figures are the digits in a measured number that are known with certainty plus one last digit which is less certain. Rules For Significant Figures How many significant figures are in the following numbers? 786 1.20 2006 4.0500 0.4 0.003060…
Given the two reactions:CuCI(s) + Cl–(aq) ⇋[CuCI2]–(aq) K= 5.2×10-2 Cu+ (aq) + 2Cl–(aq)⇋ [CuCI2]–(aq) Kf= 3.0×105What is the value of Ksp for CuCI? Solution: Ksp is the solubility product equilibrium constant. To write the Ksp expression, first you need to write an equation where ionic solid is on the reactant side and aqueous ions it dissociates into are on the product side. CuCl(s)⇋Cu+ (aq) + Cl–(aq).You need to add to equations in such a…
Ksp is the solubility product equilibrium constant. To write the Ksp expression, first you need to write an equation where ionic solid is on the reactant side and aqueous ions it dissociates into are on the product side. Ni3(PO4)2 dissociates into 3 Ni2+(aq) ions and two PO43-(aq) ions. Ni3(PO4)2(s)⇋ 3Ni2+(aq) + 2PO43-(aq) Next, K is…
Ksp is the solubility product equilibrium constant. To write the Ksp expression, first you need to write an equation where the ionic solid is on the reactant side and aqueous ions it dissociates into, are on the product side. CoCO3 dissociates into one Co2+ and one CO32-(aq).CoCO3(s)⇋ Co2+(aq) + CO32-(aq)Next, K is equal to the…
What does Le Chatelier’s Principle State? Henri-Louis Le Châtelier, a French industrial chemist came up with Le Chatelier’s principle, which states that If a system at equilibrium is disturbed by a change in temperature, pressure, or a component concentration, the system will shift its equilibrium position so as to counteract the effect of the disturbance. This means…
Chemical Equilibrium Definition In the previous chapters, we learned about reactions going to completion and calculations associated with them, such as limiting reagent calculation. However, many reactions do not go to completion. Instead, as reactants produce products, products react back producing reactants. These reactions are called reversible. In these reactions, both forward and reverse reactions…